What are piston rings used for in an engine?

Piston rings play a crucial role in engine performance by serving multiple functions that are essential for effective engine operation. Primarily, they are designed to seal the combustion chamber, which helps maintain pressure during the combustion process. This sealing function is essential for ensuring that the air-fuel mixture ignites properly and that combustion gases do not escape, thereby maximizing engine efficiency and power.

Additionally, piston rings help control oil consumption. They prevent excessive oil from entering the combustion chamber, which can lead to oil burning and increased emissions. By acting as a barrier, piston rings ensure that just the right amount of lubrication reaches the engine components without compromising the combustion process.

In contrast, supplying fuel, controlling air intake, and igniting the air-fuel mixture are functions handled by other components within the engine, such as the fuel injectors, intake valves, and spark plugs, respectively. This differentiation highlights the specialized role of piston rings in maintaining engine integrity and efficiency.