What is the function of the camshaft in an engine?

The camshaft plays a crucial role in the functioning of an internal combustion engine by controlling the opening and closing of the intake and exhaust valves. It is typically driven by the crankshaft and rotates in synchronization with it. The camshaft features an array of lobes that push against the valves directly or through lifters, allowing them to open at precise times during the engine's operation cycle. This timing is essential for efficient engine performance, as it ensures that air-fuel mixture enters the combustion chamber at the optimal moment and that exhaust gases exit after combustion.

The other options represent functions that do not align with the primary role of the camshaft. Regulators for fuel supply are often related to fuel injectors or carburetors, while controlling engine temperature is typically handled by the radiator and thermostat system. Charging the battery is a function performed by the alternator in the electrical system of the vehicle. Understanding the camshaft's function is vital for diagnosing engine performance issues and appreciating the complexity of engine operation.