What is the role of a camshaft in an engine?

The role of a camshaft in an engine is to control the timing of valve openings and closings. The camshaft is a crucial component of the engine's valve train and is designed with specially shaped lobes that push against the valves. As the camshaft rotates, these lobes lift the valves open at precise intervals, allowing air and fuel to enter the combustion chamber and exhaust gases to exit. This timing is critical for maintaining the engine's efficiency, performance, and proper combustion cycle.

The design and timing of the camshaft influence engine characteristics such as power output and responsiveness, making it an essential element in optimizing engine performance. The synchronization of valve actions with the engine's crankshaft rotation is what enables smooth operation and effective combustion.